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Research Reports |
SJ Warden, PT, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, 1140 W Michigan St, CF-326, Indianapolis, IN 46202 (USA).
RK Fuchs, PhD, is Assistant Research Professor, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University
CK Kessler, BS, is Research Assistant, Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University. He was completing his MD studies at the Indiana University School of Medicine at the time of this study
KG Avin, PT, DPT, is Research Assistant, Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University. He was completing his DPT studies at the time of this study
RE Cardinal, PT, DPT, is Research Assistant, Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University. He was completing his DPT studies at the time of this study
RL Stewart, MD, FRCS(C), is Director of Orthopaedic Trauma, Wishard Health Services, and Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind
stwarden{at}iupui.edu. Address all correspondence to Dr Warden
Background and Purpose. A recent novel application of ultrasound therapy is the treatment of bone fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on fracture repair of ultrasound produced by a conventional therapeutic ultrasound unit as used by physical therapists. Subjects and Methods. Bilateral midshaft femur fractures were created in 30 adult male Long-Evans rats. Ultrasound therapy was commenced on the first day after fracture and introduced 5 days a week for 20 minutes a day. Each animal was treated unilaterally with active ultrasound and contralaterally with inactive ultrasound. Active ultrasound involved a 2-millisecond burst of 1.0-MHz sine waves repeating at 100 Hz. The spatially averaged, temporally averaged intensity was set at 0.1 W/cm2. Animals were killed at 25 and 40 days after fracture induction, and the fractures were assessed for bone mass and strength. Results. There were no differences between fractures treated with active ultrasound and fractures treated with inactive ultrasound at 25 days. However, at 40 days, active ultrasound-treated fractures had 16.9% greater bone mineral content at the fracture site than inactive ultrasound-treated fractures. This change resulted in a 25.8% increase in bone size, as opposed to an increase in bone density, and contributed to active ultrasound-treated fractures having 81.3% greater mechanical strength than inactive ultrasound-treated fractures. Discussion and Conclusion. These data indicate that ultrasound produced by a conventional therapeutic ultrasound unit as traditionally used by physical therapists may be used to facilitate fracture repair. However, careful interpretation of this controlled laboratory study is warranted until its findings are confirmed by clinical trials. [Warden SJ, Fuchs RK, Kessler CK, et al. Ultrasound produced by a conventional therapeutic ultrasound unit accelerates fracture repair. Phys Ther. 2006;86:1118–1127.]
Key Words: Animal • Bone • Fractures • Models • Musculoskeletal diseases • Orthopedic equipment • Orthopedic procedures • Physical therapy techniques • Skeleton • Sports medicine
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  Y. Khan and C. T. Laurencin Fracture Repair with Ultrasound: Clinical and Cell-Based Evaluation J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., February 1, 2008; 90(Supplement_1): 138 - 144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. J Robertson On "A survey of therapeutic ultrasound..." Wong et al. Phys Ther. 2007;87:986 994. Physical Therapy, November 1, 2007; 87(11): 1559 - 1559. [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. J Robertson Invited commentary. Physical Therapy, August 1, 2007; 87(8): 995 - 999. [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. A Wong, B. Schumann, R. Townsend, and C. A Phelps Author Response Physical Therapy, August 1, 2007; 87(8): 999 - 1001. [Full Text] [PDF]
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