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The Role of Endogenous Opioids in Moderate Exercise Training-Induced Enhancement of the Secondary Antibody Response in Mice

ZF Kapasi, PT, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University School of Medicine, 1441 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 (USA) (zkapasi{at}emory.edu).
PA Catlin, PT, EdD, is Professor and Director, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University School of Medicine
J Beck, PT, is Physical Therapist, Chippenham Medical Center, Richmond, Va
T Roehling, PT, is Contract Physical Therapist/Wound Care Consultant, Tempe, Ariz
K Smith, PT, is Staff Physical Therapist, Roosevelt Warm Springs Rehabilitation Institute, Warm Springs, Ga
Mr Beck, Ms Roehling, and Ms Smith were graduate students, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University School of Medicine, during this study, which was undertaken in partial fulfillment of the requirements for their Master of Physical Therapy degree

Address all correspondence to Dr Kapasi

Background and Purpose. Moderate exercise training (60%–80% of maximal oxygen uptake) enhances the secondary antibody response. The mechanism underlying this enhancement, however, has not been determined. In moderate doses, endogenous opioids such as enkephalins enhance antibody response. Furthermore, serum concentrations of endogenous opioids increase in response to exercise, and training programs augment this effect. Therefore, the enhancement of the secondary antibody response induced by moderate exercise may be brought about, in part, by endogenous opioids. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of naltrexone (an opioid antagonist) on the enhancement of secondary antibody response induced by moderate exercise in young mice. Subjects and Methods. C57BL/6 mice immunized to human serum albumin (HSA) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: naltrexone, placebo, or control (received no intervention). Then, the mice in each group were randomly assigned to either an exercise group (treadmill running at 15 m/min, 0° slope, 5 days per week for 8 weeks) or a non-exercise group. At the end of 8 weeks, booster immunization was given, and the mice in the exercise group continued to exercise. Ten days later, when high levels of antibodies are produced in secondary antibody response, anti-HSA antibodies in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. With naltrexone implantation, mice that exercised showed a depression of secondary antibody response as compared with mice that exercised and either received a placebo or did not receive any intervention. Discussion and Conclusion. Endogenous opioids may play a role in the enhancement of the secondary antibody response observed after moderate exercise.

Key Words: Moderate exercise • Opioids • Secondary antibody response

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				M. L. Kohut, J. R. Thompson, W. Lee, and J. E. Cunnick Exercise training-induced adaptations of immune response are mediated by {beta}-adrenergic receptors in aged but not young mice J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2004; 96(4): 1312 - 1322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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