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Impairments and Disabilities—The Difference: Proposal for Adjustment of the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps

YF Heerkens, PhD, is Human Movement Scientist, Dutch National Institute for Research and Postgraduate Education in Physical Therapy (SWSF), PO Box 1161, 3800 BD Amersfoort, the Netherlands.
JW Brandsma, PhD, is Physical Therapist, Dutch National Institute for Research and Postgraduate Education in Physical Therapy.
K Lakerveld-Heyl is Physical Therapist and Information Analyst, Dutch National Institute for Research and Postgraduate Education in Physical Therapy.
CD van Ravensberg, PhD, is Physical Therapist and Human Movement Scientist, Dutch National Institute for Research and Postgraduate Education in Physical Therapy.

In this article, a proposal for adjustment of the Classification of Impairments and the Classification of Disabilities of the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps is presented. This proposal is a result of a project conducted by the Dutch National Institute for Research and Postgraduate Education in Physical Therapy. The project was executed in collaboration with the professional national organizations of five health professions: occupational therapy, chiropody, Cesar therapy (exercise therapy), Mensendieck therapy (exercise therapy), and physical therapy. The proposal includes reformulated definitions of impairment and disability, an inventory of the impairments and disabilities that are relevant for the health professions that participated in the project, a description of the domain of the Classification of Impairments and the Classification of Disabilities, a new subdivision for both classifications in chapters, and a set of "types of characteristics" and "characteristics" that subdivide the different chapters of the two classifications.

Key Words: Classification • Disability • Impairment • Physical disablement

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MC Thuriaux, Yvonne F Heerkens, J Wim Brandsma, and C Dorine van Ravensberg
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