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Disability in Poliomyelitis Sequelae

G Grimby, MD, PhD, is Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, S-41345 Sweden.
AT Jönsson, OT, is Occupational Therapist and Doctoral Student, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Göteborg.

Patients who have been affected by poliomyelitis may develop new symptoms such as muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, muscle or joint pain, and unexplained fatigue several decades after the onset of their poliomyelitis (post-polio syndrome [PPS]). We report on the results of our study of 59 patients with poliomyelitis using a number of instruments for disability assessment, including a 4- to 5-year follow-up. The main impact of disability for most patients is in mobility-related activities. Dependence in personal activities of daily living is fairly rare, whereas dependence and difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (eg, cooking, transportation, cleaning, shopping) are more common and also more severe in persons with PPS. Mental health, emotional reactions and social activity, interaction, and isolation are usually less affected, although considerable coping problems may occur, especially in persons with PPS who have new health problems and increasing disabilities. Examples of disabilities, intervention measures, and coping processes are given with case reports. The importance of a broad and interdisciplinary approach is emphasized, in which impairment as well as disability aspects should be considered in treatment and intervention programs.

Key Words: Activities of daily living • Coping • Disability • Post-polio syndrome • Rehabilitation

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