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Invited Commentary

BH Connolly, EdD, PT, is Associate Professor and Chairman, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Tennessee, Memphis, 822 Beale St, Memphis, TN 38163

This excerpt was created in the absence of an abstract.

As more has been learned about the differences in neuroanatomical structures between individuals with Down syndrome and "neurologically normal" individuals, new questions have been raised about motor control and functioning. In particular, the identification of disproportionately lower cerebellar weights in individuals with Down syndrome has led to speculations that problems noted in balance, coordination, and muscle tone are of a cerebellar nature.^1–3 In particular, Shumway-Cook and Woollacott² found that postural responses to loss of balance were slow in young children (1–6 years of age) with Down syndrome, and they concluded that these responses were inefficient for maintaining stability. They also stated that children with Down syndrome had poor spatiotemporal coupling between multiple muscle groups that act together. Furthermore, children with Down syndrome demonstrated inappropriate postural responses during rotational perturbation trials.²

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