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Effect of Electrically Induced Muscle Contractions on Posttraumatic Edema Formation in Frog Hind Limbs

K Taylor, MS, PT, is Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Daemen College, 4380 Main St, PO Box 784, Amherst, NY 14226 (USA). This study was completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Mr Taylor's Master of Science degree in exercise science at the State University of New York at Buffalo.
DR Fish, PhD, PT, is Associate Professor, Department of Physical Therapy and Exercise Science, and Director, Electrotherapy Research Laboratory, State University of New York at Buffalo, 411 Kimball Tower, Buffalo, NY 14214.
FC Mendel, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo.
HW Burton, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy and Exercise Science, State University of New York at Buffalo.

We tested the hypothesis that repeated muscle contractions induced by high voltage pulsed current (HVPC) would limit volume increases in traumatized frog hind limbs. Twelve frogs were anesthetized, and both hind limbs of each frog were traumatized by impact. Limb volumes were measured via water displacement over a 24-hour period. Four 30-minute treatments of continuous 1-pulse per second HVPC were applied to one limb selected randomly. Stimulation produced muscle contractions that resulted in minimal joint movements. Volume changes from pretrauma limb volumes (in milliliters per kilogram) were analyzed by an analysis of variance for repeated measures. Our hypothesis was rejected (ie, repeated muscle contractions, as induced in this study, did not limit posttraumatic edema formation in frogs). Further investigation of the relative influences of limb position and varying pulse rates, pulse durations, and intensities of HVPC on edema formation may provide valuable insights on effective treatment of edema in humans.

Key Words: Edema • Electrical stimulation • High voltage pulsed current • Inflammation • Muscle contractions

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