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Dynamic Biomechanics of the Normal Foot and Ankle During Walking and Running

M. Rodgers, PhD, PT, is Research Health Scientist, Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Wright State University, 3171 Research Blvd, Dayton, OH 45420 (USA), and Veterans Administration Medical Center, 4100 W Third St, Dayton, OH 45428.

This article presents an overview of dynamic biomechanics of the asymptomatic foot and ankle that occur during walking and running. Functional descriptions for walking are provided along with a review of quantitative findings from biomechanical analyses. Foot and ankle kinematics and kinetics during running are then presented, starting with a general description that is followed by more specific current research information. An understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the symptom-free foot and ankle during the most common forms of upright locomotion provides the necessary basis for objective evaluation of movement dysfunction.

Key Words: Ankle • Foot • Kinesiology/biomechanics, gait analysis • Kinetics • Lower extremity, ankle and foot

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