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Electromyographic Analysis of Knee Exercises in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Knee Pathologies

Dr. Soderberg is Professor and Director, Physical Therapy Program, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 (USA).
Dr. Minor is Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0084.
Mr. Arnold is a staff physical therapist, Mercy Hospital Medical Center, Sixth and University Ave, Des Moines, IA 50314.
Mr. Henry is a staff physical therapist, Michiana Rehabilitation Institute, Memorial Hospital of South Bend, 615 N Michigan St, South Bend, IN 46601.
Mrs. Chatterson is a staff physical therapist, Humana Hospital-Sunrise, PO Box 14157, Las Vegas, NV 89114.
Mrs. Poppe is a staff physical therapist, Mary Greeley Medical Center, 117 11th St, Ames, IA 50010.
Miss Wall is a senior physical therapist, Rehabilitation Unit, Saint Joseph's Hospital, 611 St. Joseph Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449.
Dr. Minor, Mr. Arnold, Mr. Henry, Mrs. Chatterson, Mrs. Poppe, and Miss Wall were students in the Physical Therapy Program, The University of Iowa, at the time the study was conducted.

Little information exists about the intensity of contraction required from knee and hip musculature during common therapeutic exercises used for patient populations. This study, therefore, was designed to compare electromyographic data obtained from the vastus medialis, rectus femoris, gluteus medius, and biceps femoris muscles during maximally resisted straight-leg-raising (SLR) exercises with EMG data obtained from the same muscles during quadriceps femoris muscle setting (QS) exercises in healthy subjects and in patients with knee pathologies. Of the 30 participants in the study, 16 had a history of knee injury or surgery. All participants performed randomly ordered trials of the SLR and QS exercises while the EMG data were recorded from surface electrodes and normalized to values derived from maximal effort isometric contraction trials. An analysis of variance demonstrated significantly greater activity (p < .05) of the vastus medialis, biceps femoris, and gluteus medius muscles during QS exercises than during SLR exercises. The rectus femoris muscle was significantly more active (p < .05) during SLR exercises than during QS exercises. The study demonstrated remarkably different degrees of muscle activation between the SLR and QS exercises, indicating that the exercise selected will affect the therapeutic intention.

Key Words: Biomechanics • Electromyography • Physical therapy

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Jenny McConnell
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